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In this lesson, we will learn about equivalent fraction. We will also learn how to find them.

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Let's start. Equivalent fractions are fractions that have the same value. What does this means? Let's find out.

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Consider this fraction, 1/2. We know that this fraction is the same as 1 divides 2, which is equals to 0.5.

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Again, let's consider this fraction 3/6. This fraction is the same as 3 divides 6, which is also equals to 0.5.

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Notice that, these 2 numbers are the same.

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So, this means that these 2 fractions are equivalent.

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Now, with this in mind, let's examine this visually to understand this better.

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We are going to use these 2 fractions, 3/4, to further elaborate on this.

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Let's start finding fractions that are equivalent to 3/4.

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To find these fraction, we just need to multiply the fraction's numerator, and denominator with the same number.

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For example, we can multiply the numerator 3, with 2, and the denominator 4, with 2.

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This gives the fraction 6/8. Now, we can visually see that 6/8, is equivalent to 3/4, because the total height of the colored parts remains the same.

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Next, let's multiply the numerator 6, with 3, and the denominator 8, with 3.

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Now, this fraction becomes, 18/24. Again, since the total height of the colored parts are the same, these 2 fractions are equivalent.

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Now, why do we need to multiply both the numerator and denominator with the same number?

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In order to explain this, lets say that we only multiply the denominator with 2. This gives 3/8.

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Here, we can easily see that these 2 fractions are not equivalent. This is because the total height of the colored parts are not the same.

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Hence, to make them the same again, we need to multiply the numerator with the same number, which is 2 for this case.

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This gives 6/8, and now these fractions are equivalent again. With this, we can say that equivalent fractions can only be obtained by multiplying the numerator and denominator with the same number.

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Next, can we also get E.F from division?

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Let's find out, using this fraction 18/24. Notice that, we can divide the numerator with 6, and denominator with 6.

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By doing so, we have the fraction, 3/4. Since the total height of the colored parts remains the same, these 2 fractions are equivalent.

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Here, note that this fraction is a simplified fraction. This is because we are not able to continue to do any more division on it.

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Now, how about addition or subtraction?

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Let's find out, by adding 2 to the numerator and denominator. After doing so, we can see that the total heights of the colored parts are not the same.

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So, addition does not gives E.F.

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Next, by subtracting the numerator and denominator with 2, again we can see that the total heights of the colored parts are not the same. So, subtraction does not gives E.F.

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Therefore, we know that, we can get equivalent fractions from multiplication or division, and not from addition or subtraction.

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That is all for this lesson. Try out the practice question to test your understanding.